and Puck, A., GFK-Biegeträger unter quasistatischer und schwingender Beanspruchung, Internationale Tagung über verstärkte Kunststoffe, AVK Frankfurt, Germany, 1982, p. (Ed.) Composite Tension Members for Structural Applications, Composite Structures, Elsevier, London, U.K., 1987, pp. Kim, P and Meier, U., In Proceedings of the Materials Division of the American Society of Chemical Engineering, Las Vegas, NV, 1991, pp. (Eds.) Creep Relaxation Characteristics of a Prestressed Kevlar Cable/FRP Tube Structural System, Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges and Structures, The Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Montreal, Canada, 1992, pp. (Eds.) Joints, Connections and Anchorages, Advanced Composite Materials with Application to Bridges, State-of-the-Art Report, Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Montreal, Canada, 1991, pp. and Erki, M.-A., In Mufti, A.A., Erki, M.-A. and Breen, J.E., International Survey of Current Opinion on Bridge Stay Cable Systems, Report of the Symposium of the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE) at San Francisco, 1995, IABSE, ETH Hönggerberg, Zürich, Switzerland, pp. Each cable is built up from 241 CFRP wires having a diameter of 5 mm. Early 1996 such CFRP cables with a load-carrying capacity of 12 MN (1200 metric tons) have been applied for the first time on a cable-stayed road bridge with a 124-m span. A new reliable anchoring scheme developed with computer-aided materials design and produced with advanced gradient materials based on ceramics and polymers is described.
#Suspension bridge poly bridge how to#
The key problem facing the application of CFRP cables, and thus their widespread use in the future, is how to connect them. Since 1980 EMPA has been developing CFRP cables for cable-stayed and suspension bridges that are produced as assemblies of parallel CFRP wires. A relative high modulus coupled with a low mass density offer CFRP cables already an advantage for spans above 1000 m. This factor is very important in view of the deflection constraints imposed on large bridges. The high specific modulus translates into a high relative equivalent modulus. The high specific strength permits the design of structures with highly increased spans.
Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) cables offer a very attractive combination of high specific strength and modulus (ratio of strength or modulus to density), outstanding fatigue performance, good corrosion resistance, and low axial thermal expansion.
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